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DIGITAL SMILE DESIGNING AND VENEERS

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SMILING IN THE FACE OF YOUR BROTHER ARE CHARITY ” (PROPHET MOHAMED)
INTRODUCTION
They say you shouldnt judge a book by its cover - but we all do! One of the first judgments we make with people is how they smile and how confident they are. In fact it’s difficult to not form an immediate opinion about someone based on their smile. Smiles say a lot about who a person is, how confident they are, and even how successful they are. Like beauty, a smile is more than skin deep and your face seems to know if your smile feels confident or not. Just what makes an attractive smile? Why do some smiles exude confidence and look naturally beautiful, while others look plain and average? How can teeth make one person look older and another person look younger? What makes one person’s smile a loser while another person’s smile a real winner - that helps them do more business, make more sales, and have more friends? And finally, why do some smiles convey a careless disregard for health.
Smile, is the ability of person to express a range of emotions with the structure and movement of the teeth and lips. It can often determine how well a person can function in society.


CLASSIFICATION OF SMILE: (Solomon)

Depending on the nature of labial mucous membrane

  • Papilla smile
  • Gingival smile
  • Mucosa smile
  • Dependant on the lip component

  • Straight smile
  • concave smile
  • concave smile
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    DIGITAL SMILE DESIGN (DSD)

    hollywood smile in mumbai

    A software tool used for diagnosis, treatment planning and communication in esthetic dentistry, it was developed by Brazilian dental technician called Christian Coachman.

    The goal of an esthetic makeover is to develop a peaceful and stable masticatory system, where the teeth, tissues, muscles, skeletal structures and joints all function in harmony (Peter Dawson).

    Principles of esthetic dentistry

    1. Facial considerations

    2. Dentolabial considerations

    3. Dental considerations

    4. Phonetics

    5. Gingival considerations


    FACIAL CONSIDERATIONS:

    1. FRONTAL VIEW:
    examined using horizontal (interpupilary line) and vertical (midline) reference lines.

    There are two facial features which do play a major role in the smile design:

  • The interpupillary line should be perpendicular to the midline of the face and parallel to the occlusal plane.
  • Lips are important since they create the boundaries of smile design
  • In classical terms, the horizontal and vertical dimensions for an ideal face are as follows:

    1. Horizontal:

  • The width of the face should be the width of five “eyes”.
  • The width of the nose should be equal to the distance between two eyes (intercanthal distance)
  • The width of the mouth should equal to the distance between two pupiles
  • The distance between the eyebrow and chin should be equal to the width of the face.
  • 2. Vertical: The facial height is divided into three equal parts from the fore head to the eyebrow line, from the eyebrow line to the base of the nose and from the base of the nose to the base of the chin. The full face is divided into two parts, eyes being the midline. The lower part of the face from the base of the nose to the chin is divided into two parts, the upper lip forms one-third of it and the lower lip and the chin two-thirds of it.

    The basic shape of the face when viewed from the frontal aspect can be one of the following:

    1. Square

    2. Tapering

    3. Square tapering

    4. Ovoid

    The lateral profile of an individual can be any one of the following:

    1. Straight

    2. Convex

    3. Concave

    These factors play a role in determining the tooth size, shape and the lateral profile; in short, the tooth morphology is dependent on the facial morphology.

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    COMPONENTS OF AN ESTHETIC SMILE

    Vital elements of smile designing (dental composition)
    The vital elements of smile designing include the following:
    1. Tooth components

  • Dental midline
  • Incisal lengths
  • Tooth dimensions
  • Zenith points
  • Axial inclinations
  • Interdental contact area (ICA) and point (ICP)
  • Incisal embrasure
  • Sex, personality and age
  • Symmetry and balance

  • 2. Soft tissue components

  • Gingival health
  • Gingival levels and harmony
  • Interdental embrasure
  • Smile line
  • A) DENTAL MIDLINE:
  • The midline refers to the vertical contact interface between two maxillary central incisors.
  • It should be parallel to the midline of the face.
  • The philtrum of the lip is the most accurate anatomical guide posts.
  • Is the most important determinant in smile creation because it serves as a reference point to decide the proper tooth proportion and gingival levels.
  • B) INCISAL LENGTHS (EDGE POSITIONS)

    Degree of tooth display: a. 2 mm of incisor edge show at rest b. about 2 mm of gingival show.

  • Central incisors consider the key and the most dominant teeth in the smile and they should display pleasing proportions.
  • The width to length ratio of the centrals should be approximately 4:5; a range for their width of 70% of their length.
  • TOOTH DIMENSIONS

    Central Dominance dictates that the centrals must be the dominant teeth in the arch and they must display pleasing proportions.
    The proportions of the centrals must be esthetically and mathematically correct→ the width to length ratio → 4:5

    GUIDELINES FOR CORRECT PROPORTIONS....

  • GOLDEN PROPORTION (Lombardi)
  • RECURRING ESTHETIC DENTAL PROPORTION
  • M PROPORTION (methot)
  • CHUS ESTHETIC GAUGE
  • Golden proportion (Lombardi ) When viewed from the facial, the width of each anterior tooth is 60% of the width of the adjacent tooth (mathematical ratio being 1.6:1:0.6) .
    The lateral incisors should be 60% the width of the central incisors and the canines 60% that of the lateral incisors.

    Recurring esthetic dental proportion (Ward)

  • It states that the width proportion between two adjacent teeth as viewed from the frontal should remain constant progressing successively distally.
  • In other words each tooth becomes smaller by a fixed percentage as you move back in the mouth.

  • GINGIVAL ZENITH OR HEIGHT OF CONTOUR

    Are the most apical position of the cervical tooth margin where the gingiva is most scalloped.

  • CENTRAL : distal third
  • LATERAL : central
  • CUSPID : distal third
  • BICUSPIDS: central

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    INCISAL EMBRASURES

    The edges of maxillary anterior teeth follow a convex or gull-wing course matching the curvature of lower lip.


    SOFT TISSUE COMPONENT OF SMILE DESIGN

    Gingival health
    The gingiva acts as the frame for the teeth; thus, the final esthetic success of the case is greatly affected by the gingival health.
    Gingival Line: GAL- gingival aesthetic line- the ideal gingival line from cuspid to central incisors intersects the dental midline at an angle >45° but


    PERIODONTAL BIOTYPE & BIOFORM

  • Human tissue biotype is classified as thin, normal or thick.
  • Thin periodontal biotypes are friable, escalating the risk of recession following crown preparation and periodontal or implant surgery.

  • SEQUENCE OF ESTHETIC TREATMENT PLANNING

    The three basic methods:

    1) Mock Up – with soft tooth colored wax or composite resin.

    2) Diagnostic Wax-Up Or Study Casts- evaluated by patient directly on diagnostic casts of articular and also intraorally with use of acrylic overlays and acetate matrices.

    3) Computer Imaging


    VENEERS

    It is a layer of tooth colored material that is applied to a tooth to restore localised or generalised defects and intrinsic discoloration. Indications:

  • Discolorations
  • Enamel defects
  • Diastema
  • Malpositioned teeth
  • Faulty/ poor restorations
  • Aging
  • Wear patterns
  • Malformed lateral incisors
  • Contraindictions:

  • Ability to etch enamel- deciduous & fluoridated teeth
  • Bruxism
  • Available enamel is thin
  • Teeth with severe crowding
  • Types:

  • Directly fabricated veneers- applied to tooth surface free hand by clinicians.
  • Indirectly fabricated veneers- a) composite b) porcelain
  • Partial veneers
  • Full veneers

  • PORCELAIN LAMINATE VENEERS:


    Advantages: Disadvantages:
    Color Time
    Bond strength Repair is difficult once luted to enamel
    Periodontal health Technique sensitive
    Resistance to abrasion Difficulty in color modification
    Inherent porcelain strength Tooth preparation
    Resistance to fluid absorption Fragility of porcelain
    esthetics Cost is high


    ENAMEL REDUCTION MUST BE CONSIDERED FROM FIVE DIFFERENT ASPECTS:


    Labial reduction- 0.3mm at cervical, 0.5mm in middle, 0.7mm in insical; chmafer finish line.
    Interproximal extension- continued from distal papilla tip to the distal of contact zone.
    Sulcular extension- 0.5mm supragingival or 0.05 to 0.1mm subgingival.
    Incisal or occlusal modification- 0.75to 1mm
    Lingual reduction- butt joint of incisolingual junction Impression

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    • Corporate Office:
    • Trit Hormones International Pvt. Ltd.
    • 712, Raheja Centre,
    • Nariman Point, Mumbai,
    • Maharashtra 400021

    • Opening Hours:
    • Monday to Saturday : 10 a.m.- 8 p.m.
    • Sunday     : Closed
    • Phone: +91 9867 399611
    • Email: haident.india@gmail.com

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